Sovereign of the Universe, consider the righteousness of Abraham and the idol worship of his father Terach. Moses engages God with fierce moral logic: Challenging God's pronouncement of the punishment of the sons for the sins of the fathers, Moses argues with God, against God, and in the name of God. 20:5) is an unacceptable form of group punishment akin to the morally indiscriminate punishment of Sodom. Īs an example, Schulweis cites a case where Moses argues with God about the justice of His commands:įor Moses, that God should "visit the iniquity of the fathers upon the children to the third and fourth generation" (Exod. But a significant genre of religious, moral and spiritual audacity toward the divine authority-" chutzpah klapei shmaya"-finds a place of honor in Jewish religious thought. For conventional thinking, "talking back to God" smacks of heresy. That attitude tends to cultivate a temperament of compliance and passivity. We are conventionally raised to believe that Jewish faith demands unwavering obedience to the law and the *law-giver. Schulweis distinguishes the meaning of chutzpah as stubbornness and contrariness from what he calls a tradition of "spiritual audacity" or " chutzpah klapei shmaya": The cognate of ḥuṣpāh in Classical Arabic, ḥaṣāfah ( حصافة), does not mean "impudence" or "cheekiness" or anything similar, but rather "sound judgment". The implication is at least some degree of psychopathy in the subject, as well as the awestruck amazement of the observer at the display. one cannot quite believe that another person totally lacks common human traits like remorse, regret, guilt, sympathy and insight. In the same work, Rosten also defines the term as "that quality enshrined in a man who, having killed his mother and father, throws himself on the mercy of the court because he is an orphan."Ĭhutzpah amounts to a total denial of personal responsibility, which renders others speechless and incredulous. In this sense, chutzpah expresses both strong disapproval and condemnation.
AUDACITY DEFINITION PLUS
Leo Rosten in The Joys of Yiddish defines chutzpah as "gall, brazen nerve, effrontery, incredible 'guts', presumption plus arrogance such as no other word and no other language can do justice to". In traditional usage, the word expresses a strong sense of disapproval, condemnation and outrage.
In Hebrew, chutzpah is used indignantly, to describe someone who has overstepped the boundaries of accepted behavior. ( February 2020) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message) Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources in this section. This section needs additional citations for verification.
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